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This practice, also known as salami slicing, is considered unethical because it wastes the time of reviewers and readers who could otherwise focus on other academic literature. Data fragmentation/Salami slicingĪnother form of self-plagiarism is data fragmentation, where authors publish their results or findings as several smaller pieces when the material would be better presented as a larger, cohesive whole. Reusing old text or results as part of ‘new’ work without proper citation can mislead readers into thinking that the new work is novel and original.
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Self-plagiarism also applies when an author misrepresents or misuses their material.
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This means that, in some instances, if you want to re-use a figure from a previous paper of which you are the author, you might need to ask permission from the journal in question. Republishing work without the consent of the publisher or proper citations therefore qualifies as using material you have no right to use under these circumstances.ĭuplicate submission is treated very seriously by journals, which have strict policies in place to avoid wasting the time of peer reviewers and possible copyright infringement.
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In these circumstances, although the author may have researched or created the material, they no longer own it. When authors publish their work in any way (for example, in a journal, or as part of a conference), they generally transfer the copyright of the material to the publisher. To understand self-plagiarism better, let's look at some common scenarios that lead to self-plagiarism. It is also relatively common to encounter ‘recycled’ sentences and even whole paragraphs in parts of the Introduction section that describe general background information. Self-plagiarism is most common in the Methods section, as it can be hard to avoid repeating yourself when describing standard techniques, especially those that are used routinely in your lab. In fact, academic publishing’s ethical policies demand that anything we take from any other paper, even our own, must be correctly sourced and cited. What’s the problem? I wrote the first article, after all. I wrote a paper in 2018 surely, I can use text or figures from that work in my own later work. People very often ask about this issue in our Charlesworth Knowledge training courses and workshops: How can you steal something from yourself? Surely that makes no sense. Self-plagiarism, however, is much less well-understood by authors. Self-plagiarism: 'Stealing from yourself'
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In fact, it’s now often standard practice for publishers to run submitted manuscripts through plagiarism-checking software packages before they are sent out for review. Plagiarism is easy to understand in most cases as the use of data, text or figures in your own work from another paper without appropriate citation, and is actually not especially common in academic publishing. To be clear, ‘appropriation’ means using or taking something that is not yours another person’s words or ideas. Plagiarism can be defined as the appropriation of another person’s ideas, processes, results or words without giving appropriate credit. Avoiding Self-plagiarism in academic writing Plagiarism: Stealing from others